16 posts tagged with "Model training"

We spend a lot of energy distrusting numbers that look too good. A validation score that jumps, an accuracy that rounds up suspiciously close to 100 — we've been burned by those, so we poke at them. The number that says you failed gets a free pass. Of course it's right; who lies to make themselves look bad?

Our evals did, three times this week. One of them nearly talked us out of a model we should ship. One invented a coverage problem we don't have. And one had us writing "3.3 km" into a model card for a geocoder that puts most addresses within a hundred meters. Each time the fix was the same, and embarrassingly cheap: stop reading the summary row and pull the actual records the summary is averaging over.

Here's a number that should make you nervous: our validation macro-F1 climbed from 0.71 to 0.73 on a retrain we were ready to ship. Every instinct says that's a win. The aggregate went up; the model is better; cut the release.

It wasn't, and it took three probes to prove it. The same model that scored higher on the average had gotten worse at the most basic address there is — a town and a state. This is the story of how the average lied to us, and how we caught it.

Our failure taxonomy finally has a line at the very top: of everything wrong with the parser, boundary instability is the one worth fixing first. So we spent a night building the training data to fix it. And then we didn't retrain. Three separate gates each caught a step that looked completely reasonable and was wrong underneath, and that's the story worth telling, more than the shard ever was. Those gates are the only reason you can move fast on your worst weakness without shipping a fix that looks great on the headline and rots underneath.

Two days ago we retired a piece of decode-time machinery we'd been leaning on, and it exposed something the crutch had been hiding: our parser can't read a French address backwards. Last night we tried to teach it to. We got most of the way, hit a wall at 87%, and did the obvious thing and turned the training signal up, fully expecting the last few points to fall out. They didn't. The model got worse, and the way it got worse is the whole story. The questions on the table: can a pile of reordered examples teach a model where a house number lives? When that pile gets you 80% of the way, can you just add more? And what does the failure tell you about the thing you were actually training?

Yesterday we wrote about a lookup table that scored a perfect 100 and nearly talked us out of our own architecture. We ended that post with a rule: write the bar down before you look at the score. What we didn't know was that the next 24 hours would test that rule four separate times, and that the fourth test would flip a conclusion we'd been quoting for two weeks.

This is the story of shipping v4.2.0: a consolidation, a bar that lowered itself, a consultant who was confidently wrong twice, a capacity wall with a number on it, and a benchmark harness that had been starving our own model for four releases.

This morning we published a post that ended with a tidy rule: some address tags don't want a neural network, they want a lookup table. Country names are a closed list in a known position. Our deterministic matcher scored a perfect 100 on the eval. The retrained model scored a mess. Case closed, we wrote.

By the afternoon we'd reopened the case, and the verdict flipped — hard enough that we've retracted the morning post rather than leave the wrong conclusion lying around for someone to cite. This is the story of how a perfect score nearly talked us out of the entire premise of the project.

We left the last postcode story with a promise and a bill. The promise was that the "which country is this" signal has to come from the trained model reading the whole string, because the postcode on its own settles the question less than half the time. The bill was that this is the expensive version of the feature. This is the post where we paid it: we built the country signal into the model, watched it do something great, and then watched it refuse, in the most instructive way we've hit all month, to do that same great thing in a different word order.

The great thing first, because you've earned it. We took the postcode's gazetteer membership, that [us, de, fr] answer from last time, and instead of handing it to a regex we injected it into the model at the postcode token itself. A small additive nudge on the hidden state, right where the five digits sit, carrying "here is what this code could be." On German addresses written the way Germans actually write them, it was worth thirty-five points of locality accuracy. It beat Pelias. For one evening we were heroes.

Then we looked at the international numbers and the floor gave way. Same model, same anchor, the same German cities, but now written house-number-first with the postcode trailing the city, the way our test feed renders them, and it scored a hair above a coin flip. The hero anchor was, on those rows, slightly worse than no anchor at all.

Three questions sit under the rest of this, so let me put them on the table before we start:

• When a parser "collapses" on a test, is the parser wrong, or is the test?
• Can you train one model to read an address in any order, or does each order cost you the other?
• And the one that took three retrains to answer: what does a learned anchor learn — the thing you asked for, or where you kept putting it?

We spent a night trying to make our neural address parser less cocky. We ended it having learned something more useful. The model wasn't cocky — it was uninformed. It had never been shown whole categories of address.

This is the story of chasing the wrong number, and the diagnostics that pointed at the right one.

The v0.5.0-a1 tokenizer was trained exclusively on US and French addresses. When it encountered Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Thai, or Arabic text, it fell back to encoding individual bytes — 50-75% of tokens for CJK scripts. Every byte-fallback token is a lost opportunity for the model to learn meaningful subword patterns.

Today we fixed that.

In Tokyo, the address of Tokyo Tower is 〒105-0011 東京都港区芝公園4-2-8.

In English: "4-2-8 Shibakōen, Minato City, Tokyo 105-0011".

The Japanese form runs right-to-left compared to the English form. The prefecture (都道府県) comes first, then the city or ward (市区町村), then a district (丁目) and a block-number-style locator. There's no street name — just a grid.

This is why every rule-based address parser written for Western addresses breaks on Japan.